Combination wrench



Aug. 15, 1933. F HASTY 1,922,680

COMBINATION WRENCH Filed Aug. '7, 1951 IN VEN TOR.

By *W' WIMM A TTORNEYS.

Patented Aug. 15, 1933 i r i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE COMBINATION WRENCH Dozier F. Hasty, Atlanta, Ga.

Application August 7, 1931. Serial No. 555,826

1 Claim. (01. 81--l86) Generically this invention relates to wrenches, Fig. 6 is a similar view of the movable jaw but it more especially is directed to a combinaholder. tion vice, pipe, and monkey wrench of improved The wrenches of this gene a p W Which design. v I am familiar have proven deficient, in that, in

An important object of this invention is the their practical application they can be used only provision of a wrench of this character comas amonkey wrench or pipe wrench, respectively, prising an integral jaw and body portion, a jaw requiring adjustment for the slightest variation holder member and anchor member movable as in the size of the nut or the p p and e i a unit with respect to the body portion, said capable of being operated to grip or clamp a nut,

10 anchor member having a ratchet connection pipe or other object under great vice like preswith said body, and means interconnecting said sure, and it was to overcome such deficiencies and members operable to effect relative movement to provide a wrench simple in construction, inof said holder with respect to said anchor cluding a movable jaw unit expeditiously movable member. into and out of contact with the object to be 15 A further important object of this invention gripped, su h as a nut pipe, v ng ans t is the provision of a device of this character incomp Slight V ons n the size of eluding a movable unit comprising a holder memsuch object without necessitating further adjustber having a movable jaw member mounted ment, adjustable means carried by said unit for therein and an anchor member having a ratchet further tightening the jaws of said object, and

2 member for anchoring said member at any deadditional leverage means coacting with said sired point with respect to said body portion, adjustable means for effecting an added vice like screwmeans for effecting movement of said jaw pressure of Said J ws 0 Said Object, that I holder with respect to said anchor holder, and designed the device forming the subject matter additional means coacting with said screw for exof this invention.

25- erting a leverage force on said holder and jaw In the illustrated embodiment characterizing member in clamping direction. this invention there is shown a wrench compris- Another object of this invention is the proing a dy portion 1 terminating a e end in vision of a wrench of this character having a handle 2 and the other in, what may be termed, jaw member movable in its holder when emupper or fixed law 3 extending at ght angles 30 ployed as a pipe wrench and means for rigidly thereto, and formed on its clamping edge with securing said jaw in said holder when employed a rou Surface teeth as a monkey wrench or vice, said wrench hav- Movable jaw u B iS a p 0 be Slidably ing three point contact with'the object to be mounted on body portion 1 and comprises jaw gripped, and means for preventing the third holder 5 and ratchet anchor member 6. Jaw

35 point contact during initial tightening of the holde 5 s o ed adjacent its upper end with a wrench on said object. rectangular opening 7 through which is adapted With these and other objects in view, which to extend body po t n Sa d h de eX di will become apparent as the description proi pa m With jaw 3. Holder 5 has one edge ceeds, the invention resides in the construction, formed With a longitudinal 510i? 3 having a down- 40 combination and arrangement of parts wardly inclined bottom wall'or seat 9. A movinafter more fully described and claimed; and 'f member 10 with a correspondillustrated in the accompanying drawing, in mgly manned f jm 11 13 adapted to Shdably which like characters of reference indicate like gfi fg a gggg gig gg zi fijf igg g; g j gg g i g ig ifi z l gi zi formed with a roughened surface or teeth 12.

The side walls of slot 8 are formed substantially j' central of their length with aligned slots 13 ex- Fig. 2 1s a similar fragmentary view with parts tending parallel with bottom Wall Jaw broken awayber 10 is formed with an aperture adapted to 3 is a face and side v of a d fi d register with the upper ends of slots 13 when form Of movable j member. said jaw is in retracted position and is adapted Fig. 4 is an enlargeddetail view of ratchet toreceive a pin 14 threadedly or otherwise suitdog, part of holder and body portion. ably secured therein with its ends extending Fig. 5 is edge view of anchor member with body through said slots 13. Holder 5 is also formed 55 portion in section, and spaced from its upper end with an aperture 15 communicating with slot 8 and registering with countersunk opening 16 formed in jaw member 10, and mounted. in said aperture and extending within opening 16, is leaf spring 17 secured to holder 5 by screw 18 or in any suitable manner. Spring 1'7 tends to aid in operation of jaw 10 and hold the same againstrthe object held or operated upon at all times.

Owing to its cons ruction, jaw 10 is adapted to move upward and also in clamping direction when handle 2 is moved in one direction and downward and away from the object being clamped when said handle is moved in the opposite direction,; rendering said device especially effective as a pipe wrench.

Jaw 10 is also formed with an aperture 19 adapted to register with the lower end of slots 13 when the same is in retracted position, and by transferring pin 14 to aperture 19, jaw '10 is rigidly locked in holder 5, thereby permitting the use of the device a monkey wrench or vice.

In order to provide a third gripping surface, body portion 1 intermediate jaws 3 and 1G is formed with serrations or teeth 20 and with a longitudinal slot 21 adapted to receive curved leaf spring 22 having one end suitably secured as at 23, and normally extending beyond the teeth 20 so as to hold the object to be clampe away from said teeth during the initial tightening of jaw 10 against said object. A threaded or screw shaft 24 has one end secured in holder 5 by pin 25, or in any suitable manner, and for a purpose hereinafter more fully appearing.

Anchor member 6 is formed adjacent its upper end with a rectangular opening 26 to receive portion 1 on which said member is slidably mounted, and is adapted to extendin parallel alignment with holder'5. The bottom wall of opening 26 is formed with slot 27 in which is mounted ratchet dog 28 on screw of pin 29 suitably secured therein and with its ends extending through aligned slots 29 formed in member 6' and projecting beyond the side surface thereof .to constitute catch elements by means of which said ratchet dog may be manually moved to inoperative position with respect to teeth 33. Leaf spring 30 is secured at one end to the under surface of said dog by screw 31. The upper face of dog 28 is formed with teeth 32. pitched rearwardly corresponding to teeth 33 formed on the under surface of body portion 1 which are pitched forwardly, so that the teeth of dog 28 Dd will easily slide over said teeth'33 when anchor .member 6 is moved in clamping direction, but mesh therewith under action of spring 30 and n'ormally prevent movement of said member in the opposite direction except when manually released, as above described.

An internally threaded sleeve member 34+. with an enlarged knurled portioni 35 is rotatably mounted in opening 36 formed in the lower end of member 6, said opening corresponding to the eonfigurationof said sleeve. Sleeve is adapted to receive screw shaft 24, and extends beyond 'member 6, and is maintained therein by nutv Sleeve 34 is formed with a central countersunk bore 44 connecting with socket member 38 adapted to receive coil spring 45, on the free end of which is mounted ball 46 adapted to normally extend slightly within socket 38 and seat in indentation 47 formed in the surface of ball portion at a point opposite to lever 41, whereby said lever is normally maintained in inoperative position and in longitudinal alignment with sleeve 34.

It will be observed that the above structure effects a ball and socket connection between the sleeve 34 and lever ll, and constitutes a unit normally rotatable by knurled portion 35. However, movement of lever 11 out of alignment with sleeve 34 effects depression of ball i6, and permits said lever to be brought into engagement with jaws 39, to rotate said sleeve, as desired.

In instances where it is necessary to use the wrench overhead or where to drop the wrench would be more or less disastrous, it has been found expedient to'employ a slightly modified form of jaw 10a, interchangeable with jaw 10, and which tends to hold and prevent complete disengagement of the wrench from the object being clamped or turned. Jaw 10a is similar to jaw 10 except that the clamping face on which is formed teeth 12a is curved as at 50. It is apparent that jaws similar to 10 and 10a constructed in accordance with the particular requirements may be employed without departing from the spirit of my invention.

While the operation of the device would seem to be clear from the above description it might be well to further state that to grip a nut, pipe or other object it is but necessary to place the same intermediate jaws 3 and 10 and slidably move unit 13' to efiect contact of teeth 12 therewith, which is ordinarily sufficient, however, further adjustment is effected by rotation of sleeve 34 on screw 24.- increasirig the pressure of jaw 10.011 said object, and if still further pressure is desired, it is but necessary to move lever 41 to a position at right angles to its normal position, effecting its binding engagement with jaws 39 and actuation thereof exerting a leverage force on pressure screw 24 through sleeve 34 to advance jaw 10 in clamping direction, as will be clear without further discussion.

Further, when gripping a pipe, for instance, the wrench is placed over same and unit B moved to contact teeth 12 therewith, with jaw 10 in lowered position, and as handle 2 is forced downwardly, said jaw will move toward body portion 1 advancing toothed edge 12 in clamping and gripping direction and as said handle 2 is raised, jaw 10 will drop causing releasement of the clamping action and permitting easy change of the wrench to another clamping position, as will be apparent.

From, the above, it is apparent that I have designed a combination wrench capable of being employed as a pipe wrench, monkey wrench or portable vice, as desired, adaptable to a variety of uses, including means for exerting slight or great clamping force according to the particular requirements, simple in construction, manufacturable at a reasonable cost, and efficient for the purposes intended.

Although in practice I have found the form of my invention illustrated in the accompanying drawing and referred to in the above description to be the preferred embodiment and to be the most practical and efficient, yet realizing that conditions concurrent with the adopable unit mounted on said body portion comprising a jaw holder member and an anchor member, means interconnecting said members for effecting their relative adjustment, 2. toothed jaw member slidably mounted in said holder, said body portion formed adjacent said fixed jaw with teeth, a depressible spring connected to said body portion normally extending beyond said teeth, whereby said object to be clamped is held out of contact with said teeth until pressure is exerted thereon by said slidable jaw.

DOZIER F. HASTY. 

